Watermarking Detection and Management

ABSTRACT

A method, system and non-transitory computer-readable medium product are provided for watermarking detection and management. In the context of a method, a method is provided that includes identifying at least one resource accessible to a user device and determining whether a watermark template is applied to the at least one resource accessible to the user device. The method further includes identifying at least one compliance rule and determining whether the at least one compliance rule is satisfied in response to a determination that the watermark template is applied to the at least one resource accessible to the user device. The method yet further includes performing at least one remedial action in response to a determination that the at least one compliance rule is not satisfied.

BACKGROUND

Watermarking Detection and Management provides identifying a resource accessible to a user device and determining whether a watermark template is applied to the resource accessible to the user device. Additionally, responsive to a determination that the watermark template is applied to the resource accessible to the user device, watermarking detection and management provides identifying a compliance rule, determining whether the compliance rule is satisfied, and performing a remedial action if the compliance rule is not satisfied. In some situations, user devices may seek to access watermarked resources in violation of compliance rules, which may be problematic as certain watermarked resources are sensitive and must not be freely accessed. Conventional approaches do not address this problem, but rather allow watermarked resources to be freely accessed.

SUMMARY

This Summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed Description. This Summary is neither intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is this Summary intended to limit the claimed subject matter's scope.

A method, system and non-transitory computer-readable medium product are provided for watermarking detection and management. In the context of a method, a method is provided that includes identifying at least one resource accessible to a user device and determining whether a watermark template is applied to the at least one resource accessible to the user device. The method further includes identifying at least one compliance rule and determining whether the at least one compliance rule is satisfied in response to a determination that the watermark template is applied to the at least one resource accessible to the user device. The method yet further includes performing at least one remedial action in response to a determination that the at least one compliance rule is not satisfied.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are examples and explanatory only, and should not be considered to restrict the disclosure's scope, as described and claimed. Further, features and/or variations may be provided in addition to those set forth herein. For example, embodiments of the disclosure may be directed to various feature combinations and sub-combinations described in the detailed description.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Many aspects of the present disclosure can be better understood with reference to the following diagrams. The drawings are not necessarily to scale. Instead, emphasis is placed upon clearly illustrating certain features of the disclosure. Moreover, in the drawings, like reference numerals designate corresponding parts throughout the several views. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a user device;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an operating environment; and,

FIG. 3 is a flow chart illustrating a method for providing watermarking detection and management.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following detailed description refers to the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numbers are used in the drawings and the following description to refer to the same or similar elements. While embodiments of the disclosure may be described, modifications, adaptations, and other implementations are possible. For example, substitutions, additions, or modifications may be made to the elements illustrated in the drawings, and the methods described herein may be modified by substituting, reordering, or adding stages to the disclosed methods. Accordingly, the following detailed description does not limit the disclosure. Instead, the proper scope of the disclosure is defined by the appended claims.

Watermarking detection and management may be provided. Information Technology (IT) administrators may secure resources by permanently altering the resources to include a watermark template that identifies and/or describes the resources as sensitive. Consequently, it is advantageous to further identify resources with watermark templates applied, as those resources may be identified and/or described as sensitive. It may be additionally advantageous for an enterprise to identify resources with watermark templates applied by another enterprise (“foreign resources”) to prevent user devices associated with the enterprise from accessing the “foreign resources,” as access to “foreign resources” may trigger certain potential liability for the enterprise. As an example, an enterprise may implement a method to identify foreign resources during onboarding of new employees to ensure that those employees' user devices do not have access to foreign resources, which may be especially relevant if the enterprise employs a Bring Your Own Device (BYOD) model for providing access to enterprise resources.

This process may be implemented through a method that identifies one or more resources accessible to a user device and determines whether a watermark template is applied to the resources accessible to the user device. As an example, the method may include scanning a memory of the user device and/or a memory of a server communicatively coupled to the user device may be performed to identify resources accessible to the user device. In some implementations, servers communicatively coupled to a user device may include file servers, such as cloud-based file repositories, and/or proxy servers through which resources are relayed in route to a user device, which may act as a gateway for identifying “foreign resources.”

The method may further include additional steps in response to a determination that a watermark template is applied to the resources accessible to the user device. In particular, the method may advance to identifying one or more compliance rules and determining whether the compliance rules are satisfied. As an example, the compliance rules may require that the user device be associated with a certain enterprise, such as via employment of a user of the user device, ownership of the user device, and/or management of the user device. Consequently, the compliance rules may ensure that user devices not associated with the certain enterprise, such as user devices formerly associated with the certain enterprise, are not permitted to access certain resources, such as “foreign resources.” The compliance rules may additionally require, for instance, that watermark templates applied to resources accessible to the user device specifies an association between the resources and an enterprise and/or specifies a sensitivity level of the resources.

The method may further include additional steps in response to a determination that the compliance rules are not satisfied. More specifically, one or more remedial actions may be performed in response to a determination that the compliance rules are not satisfied. As an example, remedial actions may include preventing access to the resources, which may be effectuated via deletion of the resources, quarantining the resources in a secure storage location until a later time and/or event, and/or deletion of at least a portion of a memory accessible to the user device. Additionally, remedial actions may include transmitting notifications regarding the resources, such as to an IT administrator associated with the resources and/or associated with the user device.

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a user device 100. User device 100 may comprise a processor 105 and a memory 110. For example, user device 100 may comprise a personal digital assistant, a smart phone, a cellular telephone, a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a set-top box, a music player, a web pad, a tablet computer system, a game console, and/or any other device with like capability. Depending on the configuration and type of device, memory 110 may comprise, but is not limited to, volatile (e.g. random access memory (RAM)), non-volatile (e.g. read-only memory (ROM)), flash memory, or any combination. Memory 110 may store executable programs and related data components of various applications and modules for execution by user device 100. Memory 110 may be coupled to processor 105 for storing configuration data and operational parameters, such as commands that are recognized by processor 105.

Basic functionality of user device 100 may be provided by an operating system 115 contained in memory 100. One or more programmed software applications may be executed by utilizing the computing resources in user device 100. Applications stored in memory 110 may be executed by processor 105 (e.g., a central processing unit or digital signal processor) under the auspices of operating system 115. For example, processor 105 may be configured to execute applications such as web browsing applications, email applications, instant messaging applications, and/or other applications capable of receiving and/or providing data.

Data provided as input to and generated as output from the application(s) may be stored in memory 110 and read by processor 105 from memory 110 as needed during the course of application program execution. Input data may be data stored in memory 110 by a secondary application or other source, either internal or external to user device 100, or possibly anticipated by the application and thus created with the application program at the time it was generated as a software application program. Data may be received via any of a plurality of communication ports 120(A)-(C) of user device 100. Communication ports 120(A)-(C) may allow user device 100 to communicate with other devices, and may comprise components such as an Ethernet network adapter, a modem, and/or a wireless network connectivity interface. For example, the wireless network connectivity interface may comprise at least one of a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) card, USB (Universal Serial Bus) interface, PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card International Association) card, SDIO (Secure Digital Input-Output) card, NewCard, Cardbus, a modem, a wireless radio transceiver, and/or the like.

User device 100 may also receive data as user input via an input component 125, such as a keyboard, a mouse, a pen, a stylus, a sound input device, a touch input device, a capture device, etc. A capture device may be operative to record user(s) and capture spoken words, motions and/or gestures, such as with a camera and/or microphone. The capture device may comprise any speech and/or motion detection device capable of detecting the speech and/or actions of the user(s).

Data generated by applications may be stored in memory 110 by the processor 105 during the course of application program execution. Data may be provided to the user during application program execution by means of a display 130. Consistent with embodiments of this disclosure, display 130 may comprise an integrated display screen and/or an output port coupled to an external display screen.

Memory 110 may also comprise a platform library 140. Platform library 140 may comprise a collection of functionality useful to multiple applications, such as may be provided by an application programming interface (API) to a software development kit (SDK). These utilities may be accessed by applications as necessary so that each application does not have to contain these utilities thus allowing for memory consumption savings and a consistent user interface.

Memory 110 may further comprise a data store 150, within which user device 100 may store a plurality of user device 100 files. User device 100 may, for instance, store in the data store 150 a device profile 152. Device profile 152 may comprise one or more indications of the state of user device 100. For instance, device profile 152 may represent device identifiers unique to user device 100, user identifiers and/or credentials associated with one or more users of user device 100, hardware features and/or components of user device 100, version and configuration information of various software features and applications installed on user device 100, data transmission protocols enabled on user device 100, version and usage information of various resources stored on user device 100, and/or any other attributes associated with the state of user device 100. The device profile 152 may further comprise data indicating a date of last virus scan of user device 100, a date of last access by an IT representative, a date of last service by the IT representative, and/or any other data indicating maintenance and usage of user device 100. Moreover, the device profile 152 may comprise indications of the past behavior of associated users, such as accesses to one or more resource 154, charges for such accesses, and the inventory accessed from such resources 154. Furthermore, device profile 152 may indicate a current location associated with user device 100 and/or a home location associated with user device 100. Similarly, device profile 152 may indicate a current time associated with user device 100 and/or a home time associated with user device 100, such as a time associated with a home location associated with user device 100. Device profile 152 may, for example, comprise data accessible to user device 100 via functions of user device 100, such as GPS location data, and/or via remote services communicatively coupled to user device 100, such as current time data provided by a remote time service.

User device 100 may be operable to perform at least one function. Functions of the user device 100 may include hardware functions, software functions, and applications executed by the user device 100. Hardware functions may include functions performed by hardware built-in to the user device 100, such as camera functions, microphone functions, video playback functions and/or the like. Hardware functions may further include functions performed by hardware communicatively coupled to the user device 100, such as Google Glass functions, printer functions, scanner functions, and/or other functions performed by peripheral devices. Software functions may include functions performed by software features of the user device 100, such as Siri and/or similar voice-activated functions that control the user device 100 without physical input to the user device 100. Furthermore, applications may include containerized applications configured for secure resource 154 distribution and access, secure browser applications, enterprise-developed applications, applications wrapped with application wrappers, and/or other applications executable by the user device 100.

Functions of user device 100 may have access to at least one resource 154. Resources 154 may be utilized by functions of the user device 100 when the user device 100 performs the functions. In certain embodiments, functions of user device 100 may access existing resources 154 required for execution of the functions. For instance, Google Glass functions may require access to GPS resources 154 provided by a GPS sensor of the user device 100, which may be paired with the Google Glass functions via a Bluetooth sensor, for the Google Glass functions to perform navigation functionality. In some embodiments, functions of user device 100 may create new resources 154 when executing the functions. For example, a camera function of the user device 100 may create photo and/or video resources 154 while executing the camera function.

User device 100 may store at least one resource 154 in the data store 150. Resources 154, for instance, may include any electronic data, such as databases, applications, text files, word processor files, spreadsheet files, presentation files, graphic files, audio files, photographic files, video files, applications and application files, and/or the like. More specifically, resources 154 may include at least one of the following file types: data files, audio files, video files, three-dimensional image files, raster image files, vector image files, page layout files, spreadsheet files, database files, executable files, CAD files, web files, plug-in files, font files, system files, settings files, encoded files, compressed files, disk image files, developer files, backup files, and/or any other files. User device 100 may also access at least one resource 154 stored in a resource server 210 and/or another server communicatively coupled to user device 100, as described herein.

In certain embodiments, functions of the user device 100 may be associated with an enterprise and/or may be personal to a user of the user device 100. Similarly, resources 154 accessible to functions of the user device 100 may be associated with an enterprise and/or may be personal to a user of the user device 100. In some embodiments, user devices 100 may be utilized to perform both enterprise and personal functions of the user device 100 and access both enterprise and personal resources 154. In particular, a user device 100 personal to a user of the user device 100 may be configured for additional enterprise use, for instance, via through an enterprise bring-your-own-device (“BYOD”) deployment model. An enterprise may, for instance, employ a BYOD resource-access model to lower the cost of providing its employees with access to enterprise functions and/or resources 154. Additionally, an enterprise may, for example, employ a BYOD resource-access model to prevent the need for an employee to carry an additional enterprise-specific user device 100 to access enterprise functions and/or resources 154. Functionality Watermarking and Management may ensure, amongst other benefits, that enterprise functions and/or resources 154 are not compromised when accessed by a user device 100 with further access to personal functions and/or resources 154, and vice versa.

User device 100 may further store at least one watermark template 156 in the data store 150. Watermark templates 156 may include an arrangement of data and/or a file containing such arranged data. In certain embodiments, watermark templates 156 may include description data, such as data that describes the watermark templates 156 and/or other elements associated with the watermark templates 156, as described herein. In some embodiments, watermark templates 156 may include configuration data, such as data that configures the watermark templates 156 and/or other elements associated with the watermark templates 156, as described herein.

In certain embodiments, watermark templates 156 may be associated with at least one of at least one function of the user device 100, at least one resource 154 accessible to at least one function of at least one user device 100, at least one user device 100, at least one user of at least one user device 100, and at least one enterprise. In particular, watermark templates 156 may be associated such that there is a relationship between the watermark templates 156 and the certain functions, resources 154, user devices 100, users of user devices 100, and enterprises. In some embodiments, an administrator, such as an administrator of a watermark template server 220, may associate certain watermark templates 156 with certain functions, resources 154, user devices 100, users of user devices 100, and enterprises. As an example, an administrator of a watermark template server 220 may utilize a web-based console application to specify certain watermark templates 156 to associate with certain functions, resources 154, user devices 100, users of user devices 100, and enterprises.

Watermark templates 156 may include descriptive data elements that describe functions of the user device 100, resources 154 accessible to the functions of the user device 100, the user device 100, users of the user device 100, and/or enterprises. In particular, descriptive data elements may include one or more properties associated with such functions of the user device 100, such resources 154 accessible to such functions of the user device 100, such user devices 100, such users of such user devices 100, and such enterprises. Additionally, watermark templates 156 may include one or more source identifiers describing a creator and/or distributor of the watermark templates 156, timestamps associated with various actions performed with respect to the watermark templates 156, and locations associated with various actions performed with respect to the watermark templates 156. As an example, descriptive data elements may include statements indicating the identities of users of user devices that have performed functions, the state of security settings on user devices that have performed functions, the time and location associated user devices that have performed functions, the ownership by an enterprise of resources accessed by functions, and/or the like.

Properties associated with functions of user devices 100 may include, for instance, at least one of prior functions performed on such user devices 100, sensitivity levels of such functions of such user devices 100, and/or security requirements associated with such functions of such user devices 100. In particular, properties associated with prior function performances may include a timestamp and location describing when and where a user device 100 last performed a camera function, properties associated with function sensitivity levels may identify the camera function as “FOR CLASSIFIED USE ONLY,” and properties associated with function security requirements may include a requirement that a source identifier identifying a user device 100 and/or a user of a user device 100 that performs the camera function be captured upon the user device 100 performing the camera function.

Properties associated with resources 154 accessible to functions of user devices 100 may include, for instance, at least one of prior functions accessing such resources 154, sensitivity levels of such resources 154, and/or security requirements associated with such resources 154, as described herein. In particular, properties associated with prior functions accessing such resources 154 may identify an application on a user device 100 that last edited a resource 154, properties associated with resource 154 sensitivity levels may identify a resource 154 as “PRIVILEGED AND CONFIDENTIAL,” and properties associated with resource 154 security requirements may include a requirement that a resource 154 can only be accessed by a user device 100 while the user device 100 is located at an enterprise facility associated with the resource 154.

Properties associated with user devices 100 may specify and/or describe, for example, at least one user device 100 identifier, user device 100 hardware feature, user device 100 software feature, user device 100 application, current time associated with such user devices 100, current location associated with such user devices 100, and home location associated with such user devices 100. As an example, properties associated with user devices 100 may include a listing of hardware features active on a user device 100 and/or accessible to a user device 100 at a current time associated with the user device 100 and a current location associated with a user device 100 at a current time associated with the user device 100. In particular, a current time associated with a user device 100 may be identified via the system clock of the user device 100, and a current location associated with a user device 100 may be identified via a GPS sensor of the user device 100. Properties associated with user device 100 may further include a determination of whether the user device 100 complies with at least one compliance rule 158 based at least in part on a device profile 152 describing the state of the user device 100, as described herein.

Properties associated with users of user devices 100 may include, for example, at least one user identifier, user credential, user role identifier, enterprise identifier, current time associated with the user, current location associated with the user, and home location associated with the user. User role identifiers may, for instance, specify a job title, job function, and/or the like describing the role of the user with respect to an enterprise. Enterprise identifiers may, for example, specify an enterprise affiliated with a user, such as an enterprise that employs the user and/or provides resource 154 access to the user. Current times associated with a user and current locations associated with a user may, for instance, specify a current time and/or current location associated with the user device 100 associated with the user. Home locations associated with a user may, for instance, specify a primarily location of a user, such as a location where the user resides and/or a location where the user is employed.

Properties associated with an enterprise may include, for instance, at least one facility location of the enterprise, phone number of the enterprise, employee of the enterprise, executive of the enterprise, business type of the enterprise, industry of the enterprise, and/or other data describing the enterprise. Furthermore, descriptive data elements of a watermark template 156 may include at least one of a source identifier, a timestamp, and a location. A source identifier may specify, for instance, a user device 100, an administrator, and/or an enterprise associated with the creation of and/or modification of a watermark template 156. A timestamp may identify, for example, a time and date when a watermark template 156 was created, modified and/or associated. Similarly, a location may identify a geographic location where a watermark template 156 was created, modified and/or associated.

Watermark templates 156 may include such descriptive data elements by virtue of the association between the watermark templates 156 and such functions of the user device 100, resources 154 accessible to the functions of the user device 100, the user device 100, users of the user device 100, or enterprises. In certain embodiments, watermark templates 156 may include descriptive data elements that are populated based at least in part on such functions of the user device 100, resources 154 accessible to the functions of the user device 100, the user device 100, users of the user device 100, or enterprises. For example, watermark templates 156 may be populated by querying and/or analyzing the characteristics and/or state of such functions of the user device 100, resources 154 accessible to the functions of the user device 100, the user device 100, users of the user device 100, or enterprises, as described herein.

In certain embodiments, a watermark template 156 may include descriptive data elements that are determined and/or identified at the time the watermark template 156 is to be utilized and/or associated. In particular, a watermark template 156 may be dynamically composed such that the watermark template 156 includes dynamic descriptive data elements that are accurate at the time the watermark template 156 is viewed, applied, and/or otherwise used by a user device 100. In some embodiments, a watermark template 156 may acquire dynamic descriptive data elements with the assistance of a user device 100 communicatively coupled to the watermark template 156, such as via an agent application 250 and/or via an application programming interface communicatively coupled to an operating system 115 of a user device 100.

Dynamic descriptive data elements may include and/or describe, for example, a prior function performed on a user device 100 and/or prior action taken on a resource 154, such as a prior creation, prior access, prior modification, prior storage, and prior transmission of a resource 154 by a user device 100 and/or user of a user device 100. A transmission of a resource 154 may, for instance, include transmitting the resource 154 via a sharing feature, an email, an instant message, a text and/or multimedia message, a social media application, a FTP server, and/or other means of transmitting resources 154 between user devices 100. In some embodiments, a watermark template 156 may describe such prior functions and/or actions by including descriptive data elements detailing at least one user identifier, source identifier, timestamp, location, prior function and/or action type, contextual detail describing such prior action, property associated with a user device 100 associated with such prior action. Timestamps may, for instance, specify a date and/or time associated with the timestamp, such as a date and time when a resource 154 was shared by a certain user device 100, a date and time when the resource 154 was received from the sharing user device 100 by a recipient user device 100, a date and time when a resource 154 was annotated and/or otherwise modified by a certain user device 100, a date and time when a recipient user device 100 will cease to be authorized to perform actions on the resource 154, and/or a date and time when the resource 154 will expire and/or become inaccessible by user devices 100. A timestamp may further, for example, specify the context of the timestamp so as to describe the context of such dates and/or times. Contextual details describing such prior actions may include, for example, whether the associated user device 100 complied with at least one compliance rule 158 associated with such prior functions and/or actions on a resource 154, as described herein.

Watermark templates 156 may further include descriptive data elements that are static and/or do not change with respect to a resource 154, user device 100, user of a user device 100, and/or function of a user device 100. In some embodiments, static descriptive data elements may be pre-configured by an administrator of a watermark template server 220, as described herein. Static descriptive data elements may, for instance, specify a sensitivity level associated with a certain function of a user device 100 and/or resource 154 associated with the respective watermark template 156. Sensitivity levels associated with a function and/or resource 154 may specify that the function and/or resource 154 is at least one of the following: confidential, proprietary, privileged, and managed. For example, a function of a user device 100 that captures forensic evidence, such as a camera function and a microphone function, may be associated with a confidential sensitivity level and a privileged sensitivity level. As another example, a resource 154 that contains financial data may be associated with both a confidential sensitivity level and a proprietary sensitivity level.

A confidential sensitivity level may, for example, indicate that the respective function and/or resource 154 is the confidential property of an enterprise associated with the function and/or resource 154. A proprietary sensitivity level may, for instance, indicate that the function and/or resource 154 constitutes the intellectual property of an enterprise associated with the function and/or resource 154. A privileged sensitivity level may, for instance, indicate that the respective function and/or resource 154 is subject to and/or protected by an attorney-client relationship and/or the work product doctrine. A managed sensitivity level may, for example, indicate that the respective function and/or resource 154 is managed and/or controlled by a resource server 210, as described herein. More particularly, a managed sensitivity level may describe an enterprise and/or business that owns and/or controls the respective function and/or resource 154, which may also own and/or control a resource server 210 associated with and/or communicatively coupled to the respective resource 154.

Static descriptive data elements may also, for instance, specify a security requirement associated with a certain function and/or resource 154 associated with the respective watermark template 156. Security requirements may specify, for instance, certain authorized and/or unauthorized user identities, device identities, device hardware features, device software features, device applications, function performance times and/or durations, and function performance locations. In other words, security requirements may specify positive and negative criteria required for a certain user device 100 to perform a certain action on a resource 154 associated with such security requirements. For instance, a function of a user device 100, such as a camera function, may only be authorized during workday hours according to an enterprise security policy, which may be reflected by static descriptive data indicating that the camera function is prohibited outside workday hours. In some embodiments, user identities and device identities may include user identifiers and device identifiers, respectively. In certain embodiments, security requirements are expressed and/or enforced via compliance rules 158 associated with one or more user devices 100 subject to the security requirements, as described herein.

In certain embodiments, watermark templates 156 may be configured such that, when applied to a function of a user device 100, the watermark templates 156 are overlaid onto a graphical interface associated with the function of the user device. Additionally, watermark templates 156 may be configured such that, when applied to a function of a user device 100, the watermark templates 156 are added to at least one position within a graphical interface associated with the function of the user device 100. In some embodiments, watermark templates 156 may be configured such that, when applied to a resource 154 accessible to a function of a user device 100, the watermark templates 156 are overlaid onto the resource 154. Moreover, watermark templates 156 may be configured such that, when applied to a resource 154 accessible to a function of a user device 100, the watermark templates 156 are added to at least one position within the resource 154.

In particular, watermark templates 156, and/or data contained therein, may be added to at least one of a header of the resource 154, a body of the resource 154, a footer of the resource 154, a structural metadata of the resource 154, a descriptive metadata of the resource 154, and a wrapper encapsulating the resource 154. Structural metadata, which may not be visible to a viewer of a resource 154, may define the manner in which an applicable resource 154 must be named according to a naming convention element and must be stored according to a storage structure convention element. Descriptive metadata, which also may not be visible to a viewer of a resource 154, may describe the resource 154 according to the traits discussed herein. Wrappers encapsulating a resource 154 may include a security layer surrounding the resource 154, which may protect the underlying resource 154 from certain actions being taken on the resource 154, such as forwarding the resource 154 to an unauthorized recipient.

As an example, a watermark template 156 may include a collection of descriptive data elements and may be configured to add each of the collection of descriptive data elements to specific positions within a function of the user device 100 and/or a resource 154 accessible to a function of the user device 100 when the watermark template 156 is applied to the function and/or resource 154. More specifically, the watermark template 156 may include a name of an enterprise associated with the function and/or resource 154 and may be configured to add the enterprise name to the upper left corner of the function and/or resource 154 when the watermark template 156 is applied to the function and/or resource 154. The watermark template 156 may further include a current timestamp associated with a user device 100 requesting to perform the function and/or access the resource 154 and may be configured to add the current timestamp to the lower left hand corner of the watermark template 156 when the watermark template 156 is applied to the function and/or resource 154. The watermark template 156 may yet further include a statement of confidentiality and may be configured to add the confidentiality statement to a certain function and/or resource 154 in translucent font diagonally across the length of the function and/or resource 154 when the watermark template 156 is applied to the function and/or resource 154.

Furthermore, watermark templates 156 may further include configuration data elements. In certain embodiments, configuration data elements may configure watermark templates 156 and/or other elements associated with watermark templates 156, such as functions of user devices 100 and/or resources 154 accessible to functions of user devices 100.

In some embodiments, configuration data may configure descriptive data elements included in watermark templates 156, which may be associated with functions of user devices 100 and/or resources 154 accessible to functions of user devices 100. Configuration data elements may, for instance, specify where to position descriptive data elements within the watermark templates 156. Configuration data elements may further specify a textual formatting schema to apply to descriptive data elements included in watermark templates 156. As an example, configuration data elements of a watermark template 156 may specify that the name of an enterprise included in the watermark template 156 should be placed in the upper left hand corner and should be formatted in red colored, bold style, size 18 Times New Roman font. Consequently, upon associating such a watermark template 156 with a camera function of a user device 100, resources 154 created by such camera function may thereafter have the name of the enterprise overlaid onto such resources 154 in the upper left hand corner of the resources 154 in red colored, bold style, size 18 Times New Roman font.

In some embodiments, configuration data elements may also configure functions of user devices 100 and/or resources 154 accessible to functions of user devices 100. Configuration data elements may, for example, include a naming convention element that should be applied to functions of user devices 100 and/or resources 154 accessible to functions of user devices 100. Naming convention elements may include, for instance, Latin letters, which may form words when arranged in combinations. Naming convention elements may also include, for example, Arabic digits, which may form representations of times and/or dates when arranged in combinations. Naming convention elements may further include symbols, which may represent Latin letters, Arabic digits, and/or the like. In any case, naming convention elements may specify what file names and/or titles associated with certain functions and/or certain resources accessible to certain functions should be named.

As an example, configuration data elements of a watermark template 156 may specify that a camera function of a user device 100 that is associated with the watermark template 156 must name any resources 154 created by the camera function, such as photograph resources 154 and/or video resources 154, according to a naming convention that includes the name of an enterprise, a timestamp, and a location where the resources 154 where created. In particular, a timestamp and location may be determined at the time the camera function is performed by the user device 100 by querying the device profile 123 of the user device 100 to determine a current date associated with the user device 100, a current time associated with the user device 100, and a current location associated with the user device 100.

Configuration data of watermark templates 156 may also, for instance, include a storage structure convention element that should be applied to functions of user devices 100 and/or resources 154 accessible to user devices 100 that are associated with the respective watermark templates 156. In certain embodiments, a storage structure convention element may specify at least one storage location where a user device 100 should store certain functions of the user device 100 and/or certain resources 154 accessible to certain functions of the user device 100. In particular, storage locations of storage structure convention elements may include at least one of certain memories of a user device 100 and/or a remote server, certain drives within certain memories, and certain folders within certain memories where a user device 100 should store functions of the user devices 100 and/or resources 154 accessible to functions of the user devices 100 that are associated with the respective watermark templates 156. In some embodiments, storage structure convention elements may specify at least one file type in which a user device 100 should store certain functions of the user device 100 and/or certain resources 154 accessible to certain functions of the user device 100. As an example, file types of storage structure convention elements may specify that resources 154 captured by a microphone function of a user device 100 that is associated with the respective watermark templates 156, such as voice recording files, must be stored in a digital rights management file format, must be encrypted using AES-256 encryption, and must be limited to a file size of under 1 MB to avoid excessive data network-related charges.

In certain embodiments, configuration data elements of watermark templates 156 may add functionality to and/or remove functionality from functions of the user device 100 and/or resources 154 accessible to the functions of the user device 100. Configuration data elements of watermark templates 156 may, for instance, add functionality buttons to a graphical interface of a function of the user device 100, which may add additional functionality to the functions provided by the function of the user device 100. As an example, a “camera controls” set of buttons may be added to a camera function of the user device 100 by applying a watermark template 156 to the camera function that includes configuration data for the “camera controls” set of buttons. As another example, a “media bar” may be added to a resource 154 created by a camera function of the user device 100 that allows a user of the user device 100 to quickly navigate to other resources 154 created by the camera function of the user device 100. Configuration data elements may also, for example, remove functionality from a function of the user device 100 by removing functionality buttons from a graphical interface of the function of the user device 100, which may prevent performance of certain functions of the function of the user device 100. Configuration data elements of watermark templates 156 may further, for instance, be applied to functions and/or resources 154 which include effective date-constrained certificates and/or cryptographic keys to prevent user devices 100 from accessing the functions and/or resources 165 beyond the effective date.

While watermark templates 156 may comprise visible indicators such as descriptive data elements, watermark templates 156 need not comprise visible indicators. In certain embodiments, a watermark template 156 may be configured to match the formatting of the function of the user device 100 and/or resource 154 to which the watermark template 156 is applied, where such formatting is non-visible in nature. For example, an audio watermark template 156 may be applied to a microphone function of a user device 100, where the audio watermark template 156 comprises a configurable message concatenated onto the audio resource 154 at the beginning of the existing audio, within the existing audio, and/or at the end of the existing audio of the audio resource 154. Additionally, an audio watermark template 156 may be applied to an audio resource 154, where the audio watermark template 156 comprises an audio marker that may be heard concurrently with the existing audio of the audio resource 154. Such an audio watermark template 156 may comprise a spoken audio and/or a non-spoken audio, such as a public domain, trademarked and/or copyrighted musical selection associated with an enterprise associated with the watermark template 156.

In some embodiments, a watermark template 156 may include symbols, letters, and/or numbers that may be visible to an individual but may not represent any recognizable message in combination with one another. For instance, a watermark template 156 may be configured to translate certain descriptive data from a format that may be recognizable to an individual into a format that may not be recognizable to the individual, such as translating a user identifier from “John Doe” to “62s3 89f.” As another example, a watermark template 156 may be configured to systematically place certain symbols, letters, and/or numbers amongst a function of a user device 100 and/or resource 154 accessible to a function of a user device 100 when applied to the function and/or resource 154 such that the symbols, letters and/or numbers may only be deciphered with the assistance of a key specific to the systematic placement.

Furthermore, in certain embodiments, a watermark template 156 may be visible in nature but may not be recognizable to an individual due to the scale of the watermark template 156 in comparison to a function of the user device 100 and/or a resource 154 accessible to a function of the user device 100 to which the watermark template 156 is applied. A watermark template 156 and/or data included therein may be, for example, either extremely small or extremely large in comparison to a function and/or resource 154, such that watermark template 156 cannot be recognized when applied to the function and/or resource 154. In particular, descriptive data of a watermark template 156 may be applied to a function and/or resource 154 in a very small font such that the font cannot be seen amongst the pixels of the function and/or resource 154 without magnifying the function and/or resource 154.

In some embodiments, a watermark template 156 may be and/or include a tangential addition to a function of a user device 100 and/or a resource 154 such that the function and/or resource 154 remains visually identical to before the watermark template 156 was applied to the function and/or resource 154. For instance, the watermark template 156 may be and/or include metadata, an xml description, a file header, a file property, a function performance summary, a resource 154 change summary and/or the like that may be tangentially added to a function of a user device 100 and/or a resource 154 without altering the visible aspects of the function and/or resource 154. As an example, an annotation watermark template 154 may be added to an annotation function of a user device 100, which may include a non-visible change history that specifies describes all annotations made with respect to resources 154 annotated by the annotation function of the user device 100 over the lifespan of the resource 154. For instance, a resource 154 annotated by an annotation feature of a user device 100 may be modified to include an image-based change summary that captures at least one of an initial state, previous state, and/or current state of the resource 154, which may be added to the resource 154 as soon as the annotation of the resource 154 is completed by the user device 100 and/or as a part of the annotation of the resource 154 by the user device 100. An image-based change history may be embodied, for instance, in a QR code and/or MD5 hash to condense the change summary into a small image, which might be even further reduced in size depending on a pixel resolution of the particular resource 154 and a configurable required rendering quality for the change summary and/or particular resource 154.

In certain embodiments, user devices 100 may apply watermark templates 156 to certain functions of the user device 100 and/or certain resources 154 accessible to certain functions of the user device 100. As a high level example and described herein, an administrator may specify a watermark template 156 to apply to a function of a user device 100, such as a camera function. The watermark template 156 may be applied to the camera function via a compliance rule 158, which may specify that a user device 100 may only be authorized to perform the camera function while the watermark template 156 is applied to the camera function. The compliance rule 158 may be triggered, for instance, when the user device 100 identifies a request to perform the camera function, such as when a user of the user device 100 launches a camera application on the user device 100. In order to maintain a state of compliance with the compliance rule 158, the user device 100 may apply the watermark template 156 to the camera function of the user device 100 in a manner specified by the compliance rule 158. For instance, the user device 100 may overlay the watermark template 156 onto a graphical interface associated with the camera function and add the watermark template 156 to any photograph resources 154 created by the camera function. In some embodiments, the watermark template 156 may identify the owner of the user device 100 such that the photograph resources 154 created by the camera function may be visually identified as owned by the owner of the user device 100 via the watermark template 156.

As described herein, a watermark template 156 may be overlaid onto and/or added to a function of the user device 100 and/or a resource 154 accessible to a function of the user device 100, such that the watermark template 156 and the function and/or resource 154 are united when viewed by an individual. For example, a resource 154 may be modified such that a plurality of descriptive text of a watermark template 156 may be visible on the resource 154. Furthermore, the function and/or resource 154 may appear largely the same as before the watermark template 156 is overlaid onto and/or added to the function and/or resource 154, as the watermark template 156 may include a translucent body and/or background that may allow the underlying function and/or resource 154 to remain visible amongst the data included within the watermark template 156.

In certain embodiments, a function and/or resource 154 may be marked and/or badged with “Watermarked” and/or the like to indicate that a watermark template 156 is applied to the function and/or resource 154. Similarly, a function and/or resource 154 may be marked and/or badged with indicia of an action that triggered a watermark template 156 to be applied to such function and/or resource 154 via a compliance rule 158, such as by placing a diagonal badge across the upper left corner of an icon of the function and/or resource 154 stating “Shared” to indicate that the function and/or resource 154 was watermarked in response the resource 154 being shared with another user device 100. For instance, an icon representing the function and/or resource 154 may be marked and/or badged to indicate that the function and/or resource 154 was watermarked upon being shared.

In some embodiments, the manner of which a user device 100 applies a watermark template 156 to a resource 154 may be based at least in part on the type of resource 154 that to which the watermark template 156 will be applied. For example, an image resource 154 may have a watermark template 156 superimposed on the image resource 154 such that the watermark template 156 and the underlying image are concurrently visible, as described herein. As another example, an email resource 154 may have a watermark template 156 displayed as an overlay and/or underlay to the email resource 154 and/or the watermark template 156 may be included as a header and/or signature to the email resource 154. As a further example, a word processing, spreadsheet and/or presentation (“productivity”) resource 154 may comprise a watermark template 156 in at least one of the following: displayer in a header and/or footer section of the productivity resource 156, incorporated as visible and/or non-visible metadata in the productivity resource 156, and/or displayed as an overlay, underlay, and/or adjacent image to at least a portion of the content of the productivity resource 156. In some embodiments, a watermark template 156 may be repeated so as to be visible and/or affixed in at least one of the above manners on each page, slide, worksheet, etc. of the productivity resource 156.

In certain embodiments, a watermark template 156 may be permanently applied to a function of the user device 100 and/or a resource 154 accessible to a function of the user device 100. For example, a function and/or resource 165 may be permanently modified such that descriptive text of a watermark template 156 cannot be removed from the function and/or resource 156. Furthermore, a series of watermark templates 156 may be applied to a function and/or resource 154 over the lifespan of the function and/or resource 154, such that a watermark template 156 is applied to a function and/or resource 154 with one or more previously applied watermark templates 156. For instance, watermark templates 156 may be applied to functions and/or resources 154 according to a plurality of compliance rules 158, as described herein, such that a watermark template 156 is applied to the functions and/or resources 154 upon certain actions being taken with respect to the functions and/or resources 154. More specifically, a watermark template 156 may be applied to a resource 154 each time a user device 100 seeks to share the resource 154, where the applied watermark template 156 may be dynamically populated based on a current context, including a current location, a current timestamp and a device identifier associated with the request to share the resource 154.

Some descriptive data elements included in a watermark template 156 may be static, such as the title of a resource 154 and a current timestamp associated with an initial creation of the resource 154, and may, therefore, remain the same each time the watermark template 156 is applied to a function of the user device 100 and/or a resource 154 accessible to a function of the user device 100. However, some descriptive data elements included in a watermark template 156 may be dynamic, such as a property associated with a user device 100, and may therefore be updated each time the watermark template 156 is applied to a function and/or a resource 154. For instance, the watermark template 156 may be updated upon each application with a function and/or resource 154 based at least in part on a device profile 152 of the user device 100.

In some embodiments, a function of the user device 100 and/or a resource 154 accessible to a function of the user device 100 may include many watermark templates 156 that were previously applied to the function and/or resource 154. The function and/or resource 154 may thereby include a comprehensive set of data that continues to increase over the lifespan of the function and/or resource 154, as each additional watermark template 156 applied to the function and/or resource 154 may increase the comprehensive set of data applied to the function and/or resource 154. In particular, a function and/or resource 154 may be layered with many watermark templates 156 and may thereby provide a history of the resource 154. For instance, a resource 154 may include descriptive data elements of a first watermark template 156 after the first watermark template 156 is applied to the resource 154, the resource 154 may include descriptive data elements of the first watermark template 156 and descriptive data elements of a second watermark template 154 after the second watermark template 156 is applied to the resource 154, and so on. Alternatively, in some embodiments, a function and/or resource 154 may only include a newly applied watermark template 156, as previously applied watermark templates 156 may be removed from the function and/or resource 154 upon applying a new watermark template 156.

Moreover, user device 100 may store one or more compliance rules 158. Compliance rules 158 may specify security requirements, conditions and/or events required to be satisfied before certain events may occur, such as certain steps of methods described herein. Compliance rules 158 may be associated with at least one of certain user devices 100, certain users of certain user devices 100, and certain resources 154 to which the compliance rules 158 are applicable. An administrator may establish associations between compliance rules 158 and user devices 100, users of user devices 100, and/or resources 154, for instance, via a compliance rule server 230.

In certain embodiments, compliance rules 158 may include criteria that are applicable to resources 154 that have watermark templates 156 applied (“watermarked resources”). In some embodiments, compliance rules 158 may require that user devices 100 with access to “watermarked resources” 154 must be associated with a certain enterprise, such as an enterprise with ownership rights to the “watermarked resources” 154. As an example, a user device 100 may be associated with a certain enterprise if a user of the user device 100 is employed by the certain enterprise. Additionally, a user device 100 may be associated with a certain enterprise if the user device 100 is owned by the certain enterprise. Furthermore, a user device 100 may be associated with a certain enterprise if the user device 100 is managed by the certain enterprise, such as via an enterprise mobility management service to which the user device 100 may be enrolled. In particular, enterprise mobility management services may include one or more of mobile device management services, mobile application management services, mobile email management services, mobile content management services, and/or other services providing remote management of functions of user devices 100 and/or resources 154 accessible to user devices 100.

In some embodiments, compliance rules 158 may require that watermark templates 156 applied to resources 154 specify an association between the resources 154 and an enterprise. For instance, watermark templates 156 may specify an association between resources 154 and an enterprise by including statements that specify that the resources 154 are owned by the respective enterprise, are the confidential property of the respective enterprise, are managed by the respective enterprise, and/or are subject to attorney-client privilege with respect to the respective enterprise. Additionally, watermark templates 156 may specify an association between resources 154 and an enterprise by including statements that specify that the resources 154 were created, modified, stored and/or transmitted by a user device 100 associated with the respective enterprise. Furthermore, in some embodiments, compliance rules 158 may require that watermark templates 156 applied to resources 154 specify a sensitivity level associated with the resources 154. For instance, watermark templates 156 may specify that resources 154 are sensitive by including statements that specify that the resources 154 are confidential, privileged, secure, and/or otherwise sensitive.

In certain embodiments, compliance rules 158 may specify certain methods and/or steps of methods that must be performed before a user device 100 is authorized to perform certain actions on certain resources 154 accessible to certain user devices 100. In particular, compliance rules 158 may specify that certain resources 154 must be associated and/or united with certain watermark templates 156 before certain user devices 100 may be authorized to perform certain actions on certain resources 154 accessible to such user devices 100, as described herein.

Similarly, in certain embodiments, compliance rules 158 may specify certain methods and/or steps of methods that must be performed if conditions specified by the compliance rules 158 are not satisfied. More specifically, compliance rules 158 may specify certain remedial actions that must be performed if certain conditions specified by the compliance rules 158 are not satisfied. As an example, compliance rules 158 may specify that access to “watermarked resources” 154 must be prevented in response to a determination that certain requirements of the compliance rules 158 are not satisfied, such as by deleting the “watermarked resources” 154, quarantining the “watermarked resources” 154, and/or deleting a portion of a memory accessible by a user device 100 with access to the “watermarked resources” 154. As another example, compliance rules 158 may specify that notifications regarding “watermarked resources” 154 must be transmitted in response to a determination that certain requirements of the compliance rules 158 are not satisfied, such as notifications to an administrator of the “watermarked resources” 154 and/or to an enterprise associated with the “watermarked resources” 154.

In some embodiments, compliance rules 158 may specify that user device 100 must satisfy and/or comply with a single condition for user device 100 to be authorized to perform certain functions of user device 100 and/or access certain resources 154 associated with the compliance rules 158. For instance, compliance rules 158 may require that user device 100 is associated with a current time that is within an authorized time period specified by such compliance rules 158 in order for user device 100 to be authorized to perform certain functions and/or access certain resources 154. More specifically, compliance rules 158 may specify that user device 100 is authorized to share a business email resource 154, such as by email, while the system clock of user device 100 is within a configured workday and user device 100 is not authorized to access the business email resource 154 while the system clock of user device 100 is outside of the configured workday. In some embodiments, compliance rules 158 may specify that user device 100 must satisfy and/or comply with more than one condition for user device 100 to be authorized to perform certain functions and/or access certain resources 154. For example, compliance rules 156 may specify that user device 100 must be associated with a “safe zone” location, such as an enterprise office location, to upload certain sensitive resources 154 accessible to user device 100, such as those affiliated with an enterprise, which may require that both a GPS sensor of user device 100 indicates that user device 100 is currently located within the geographic boundaries of the safe zone and that a Wi-Fi sensor of user device 100 indicates that user device 100 is communicatively coupled to a Wi-Fi network access point associated with the safe zone.

In some embodiments, compliance rules 158 may specify that user device 100 and another computing device, such as another user device 100, must both satisfy and/or comply with one or more conditions for user device 100 to be authorized to perform certain functions of user device 100 and/or access certain resources 154. Compliance rules 158 may require that user device 100 be located within proximity of and/or be communicatively coupled to a secondary user device 100 and that both user devices 100 be located within an authorized location in order to perform certain functions and/or access certain resources 154. As an example, compliance rules 158 may specify that user devices 100 associated with nurses may only access resources 154 associated with their patients, such as a patient's medical records, while the user devices 100 associated with such nurses are located within 10 feet of user devices 100 associated with such patients and while the user devices 100 associated with nurses and user devices 100 associated with patients are both located within examination rooms reserved for such patients' appointments.

In certain embodiments, compliance rules 158 may be granular such that the user device 100 may be authorized to perform certain functions and/or access certain resources 154 depending on how many of the conditions of the compliance rules 158 are satisfied by user device 100. For example, user device 100 may be authorized to access an enterprise contact resource 154 on user device 100 if a GPS sensor on user device 100 indicates that user device 100 is located within the enterprise's location, but user device 100 may be prohibited from sending an email with an enterprise resource 154 attached to the email until a certain watermark template 156 is applied to the enterprise resource 154 and until it is confirmed that the user device 100 is located within a “safe zone” by being communicatively coupled to a Wi-Fi network access point associated with the enterprise.

In some embodiments, an agent application 250 (“agent app”) on the user device 100 may determine whether compliance rules 158 are satisfied by the user device 100, as described herein. For instance, an agent application 250 may determine whether user device 100 complies with certain compliance rules 158 by determining whether device profile 152 provides indications that user device 100 complies with such compliance rules 156. As an example, an agent application 250 may determine whether device profile 152 specifies that the current time associated with user device 100 is within a configured workday specified by compliance rules 158. Alternatively, the user device 100 may transmit all and/or a portion of device profile 152 to a compliance server 230, which may determine whether user device 100 satisfies the compliance rules 158.

In any case, the user device 100 may be authorized and/or instructed to perform functions of user device 100 and/or access certain resources 154 response to a determination that the user device 100 complies with the compliance rules 158. In certain embodiments, an agent application 250 may authorize requests by the user device 100 to perform functions and/or access resources 154 by transmitting instructions to the operating system 115 of user device 100 and/or communicating with such operating system 115 via an API and/or SDK. In some embodiments, a compliance server 230 may authorize requests by the user device 100 to perform functions and/or access resources 154 by transmitting instructions to the operating system 115 of user device 100 and/or communicating with such operating system 115 via an API and/or SDK.

Furthermore, embodiments of this disclosure may be practiced in conjunction with a graphics library, other operating systems, or any other application program and is not limited to any particular application or system. The devices described with respect to the Figures may have additional features or functionality. For example, user device 100 may also include additional data storage devices (removable and/or non-removable) such as, for example, magnetic disks, optical disks, or tape (not shown).

FIG. 2 is a block diagram view of an operating environment 200 showing other elements operating with the user device 100, such as a network 240, a resource server 210, a proxy server 215, a watermark template server 220, and a compliance server 230. In some embodiments, the user device 100 may include and/or execute one and/or more of the following: an agent app 250, a web browser 252, an email client 254, and a secure application 256. The agent app 250 may comprise, for instance, an application configured to constrain the operations of the user device 100 in accordance with one or more compliance rules 158, which may be effectuated via an Application Programming Interface (API) to the operating system 115 of the user device 100. The agent app 250 may be communicatively coupled to a remote server, such as the resource server 210, proxy server 215, watermark template server 220, and/or compliance server 230, from which the agent app 250 may receive commands and/or compliance rules 128 to enforce on the user device 100.

The web browser 252 may comprise, for example, an application communicatively coupled to the network 240 that is capable of one and/or more of the following: viewing webpage resources 154, downloading resources 154 from web servers, uploading resources 154 to web servers, executing web application resources 154, and/or the like. The email client 254 may comprise, for instance, an application communicatively coupled to the network 240 that is capable of sending email resources 154, receiving email resources 154, scheduling calendar resources 154, storing contact resources 154 and/or other operations provided by personal information managers (“PIM's”). Furthermore, the secure app 256 may comprise, for instance, a containerized resource 154 application that is capable of receiving resources 154, storing the resources 154 within the container to protect the resources 154 from access attempts by other applications on the user device 100, and provide access to the resources 154 in accordance with and/or in compliance with compliance rules 158 associated with the resources 154.

In certain embodiments, the agent app 250, web browser 252, email client 254, and secure app 256 may be configured to create event logs by monitoring each application's operations with respect to the resources 154, watermark templates 156, and compliance rules 158. The event logs may detail, for instance, a historical record of actions taken with respect to the resources 154, associations established between watermark templates 156 and the resources 154, applications of watermark templates 156 to the resources 154, and the user devices' 100 compliance with the compliance rules 158. The agent app 250, web browser 252, email client 254, and secure app 256 may be further configured to transmit the event logs to one and/or more of the resource server 210, proxy server 215, watermark template server 220, and compliance server 230, which may be utilized by each server in its management of the respective user devices 100.

In some embodiments, the user device 100 may be communicatively coupled to the resource server 210, proxy server 215, watermark template server 220, and compliance server 230 via the network 240. The network 240 may include, for instance, a cellular network, Wi-Fi network, Bluetooth network, and/or any other network capable of transmitting data between and/or amongst user device 100, resource server 210, proxy server 215, watermark template server 220, and compliance server 230. While the resource server 210, the proxy server 215, the watermark template server 220, and the compliance server 230 are represented as separate elements amongst operating environment 200, it is understood that one or more of such servers could be combined into a single server capable of performing the same and/or similar functionality that each of such servers may be capable of performing separately.

In certain embodiments, the resource server 210 may comprise a server that manages a plurality of resources 154, such as resources 154 associated with an enterprise. The resource server 210 may include a resource store 212, which may store resources 154. In some embodiments, the resource server 210 may be a file server, such as a cloud-based file server, and the resource store 212 may be a file repository, such as a cloud-based file repository. In any case, the resource server 210 may transmit resources 154 to the user device 100 and may receive transmissions of resources 154 from the user device 100 via the network 240.

The resource server 210 may be associated with the user device 100, for instance, by enrolling the user device 100 into a management system and/or application executed by resource server 210. More specifically, the resource server 210 may distribute certain settings and/or configuration profiles to the user device 100 that enables resource server 210 to instruct user device 100 to perform certain actions, such as instructing user device 100 to download certain resources 154 from resource store 212 of resource server 210. The resource server 210 may also track and/or manage the usage of resources 154 associated with the resource server 210, such as by maintaining event logs describing the usage of the resources 154.

In certain embodiments, the proxy server 215 may act as a gateway between the resource server 210 and the user device 100. In some embodiments, the resource server 210 may be configured to transmit resources 154 to the user device 100 via the proxy server 215. For example, the resource server 210 may be configured to transmit resources 154 to the proxy server 215 and may thereafter rely on the proxy server 215 to transmit the resources 154 to the user device 100. In some embodiments, the proxy server 215 may be configured to intercept resources 154 in transmission to the user device 100, such as resources 154 transmitted from the resource server 210 to the user device 100. In any case, the proxy server 215 may store resources 154 received and/or intercepted in the proxy store 217 of the proxy server 215.

In some embodiments, the proxy server 215 may perform one or more steps of a method before transmitting the resources 154 to the user device 100. In particular, the proxy server 215 may determine whether a watermark template 156 is applied to the resources 154 before transmitting the resources 154 to the user device 100. Additionally, in response to a determination that a watermark template 156 is applied to the resources 154, the proxy server 215 may determine whether one or more compliance rules 158 are satisfied. Upon determining that the compliance rules 158 are satisfied, the proxy server 215 may transmit the resources 154 to the user device 100.

The proxy server 215 may be associated with the user device 100, for instance, by enrolling the user device 100 into a management system and/or application executed by the proxy server 215. More specifically, the proxy server 215 may distribute certain settings and/or configuration profiles to the user device 100 that enables the proxy server 215 to instruct the user device 100 to perform certain actions, such as instructing user device 100 to download certain resources 154 from the proxy store 217 of the proxy server 215. The proxy server 215 may also track and/or manage the usage of resources 154 associated with the proxy server 215, such as by maintaining event logs describing the usage of the resources 154.

In certain embodiments, the watermark template server 220 may comprise a server that manages a plurality of watermark templates 156. The watermark template server 220 may include a watermark template store 222, which may store watermark templates 156. The watermark template server 220 may transmit watermark templates 156 to the user device 100 via the network 240. The watermark template server 220 may further receive transmissions of resources 154 with watermark templates 156 applied to the resources 154 via the network 240, which may be transmitted to the watermark template server 220 by the user device 100.

The watermark template server 220 may be associated with the user device 100, for instance, by enrolling the user device 100 into a management system and/or application executed by watermark template server 220. More specifically, watermark template server 220 may distribute certain settings and/or configuration profiles to the user device 100 that enables watermark template server 220 to instruct user device 100 to perform certain actions, such as instructing user device 100 to download certain watermark templates 156 from watermark template store 222 of watermark template server 220 and/or to apply certain watermark templates 156 to certain resources 154 accessible to the user device 100. The watermark template server 220 may also track and/or manage the usage of watermark templates 156 associated with the watermark template server 220, such as by maintaining event logs describing the usage of the watermark templates 156.

In some embodiments, the compliance server 230 may comprise a server that manages a plurality of compliance rules 158. The compliance server 230 may include a compliance rule store 232, which may store compliance rules 158. The compliance server 230 may transmit compliance rules 156 to the user device 100 via the network 240. The compliance server 230 may further receive transmissions of compliance determinations and/or device profiles 152 that may be used to determine whether the user device 100 complies with compliance rules 158 from the user device 100 via the network 240. The compliance server 230 may be associated with the user device 100, for instance, by enrolling the user device 100 into a management system and/or application executed by compliance server 230. More specifically, compliance server 230 may distribute certain settings and/or configuration profiles to the user device 100 that enables compliance server 230 to instruct the user device 100 to perform certain actions, such as instructing the agent application 250 on the user device 100 to determine whether the user device 100 complies with certain compliance rules 158. The compliance server 230 may also track and/or manage the usage of compliance rules 158 associated with the compliance server 320, such as by maintaining event logs describing the compliance of the user device 100 with the compliance rules 158.

FIG. 3 is a flow chart setting forth the general stages involved in a method 300 consistent with embodiments of this disclosure for providing resource watermarking and management. Method 300 may be implemented using element(s) of operating environment 200, such as the user device 100, the resource server 210, the proxy server 215, the watermark template server 220, the compliance server 230, and the network 240, as described above. For instance, method 300 may be implemented as a service executed locally on user device 100. Alternatively, for example, method 300 may be implemented as a service executed remotely from user device 100 on one or more of the resource server 210, the proxy server 215, the watermark template server 220, and the compliance server 230, which may communicate with the user device 100 and/or each other via the network 240. Ways to implement the stages of method 300 will be described in greater detail below.

Method 300 may begin at starting block 305 and proceed to stage 310 where at least one resource 154 accessible to a user device 100 is identified. In certain embodiments, resources 154 may be stored on a memory accessible to the user device 100, making those resources 154 accessible to the user device 100. Consequently, in some embodiments, identifying resources 154 accessible to the user device 100 may comprise identifying resources 154 stored on a memory of the user device 100. As an example, the data store 150 of the user device 100 may be scanned to identify resources 154 stored on the user device 100.

Additionally, in some embodiments, identifying resources 154 accessible to the user device 100 may comprise identifying resources 154 stored on a memory of a server communicatively coupled to the user device 100. As an example, a server communicatively coupled to the user device 100 may include a proxy server 215, which may store resources 154 within the proxy store 217. As another example, a server communicatively coupled to the user device 100 may include a file server, such as the resource server 210, which may store resources 154 within a file repository, such as the resource store 212.

From stage 310, method 300 may advance to stage 315 where a determination is made of whether a watermark template 156 is applied to the at least one resource 154 accessible to the user device 100. In certain embodiments, the resources 154 may be analyzed to determine whether watermark templates 156 and/or watermark template elements, such as descriptive data elements, naming convention elements, and storage structure elements, are applied to the resources 154. In some embodiments, a watermark template 156 may be readily identified as applied to a resource 154 as the watermark template 156 may be included on the surface of the resource 154, such as when the watermark template 156 is affixed to the resource 154 in a discrete layer on top of the resource 154.

However, in some embodiments, a watermark template 156 may not be readily identified as applied to a resource 154, which may require bit-by-bit analysis of the resource 154 to identify a watermark template 156 applied to the resource 154. In particular, some watermark templates 156 may be stored in the least significant bits of the resources 154, which may not alter the resources 154 to a degree that may be readily perceived by human senses. For instance, audio watermark templates 156 may be included amongst the least significant frequencies of an audio resource 154 and photographic watermark templates 156 may be included amongst the least significant pixels of a photo resource 154 without altering the resources 154 to a degree that may be readily perceived by human senses—yet may be identified by computer analysis.

Additionally, some watermark templates 156 and/or watermark template elements may be embedded into a resource 154, such as within the header of the resource 154, footer of the resource 154, and/or metadata of the resource 154, such that the resource 154 appears largely the same as before the watermark templates 156 and/or watermark template elements were applied to the resources 154. In such scenarios, each of the header of the resource 154, footer of the resource 154, and/or metadata of the resource 154 may require independent analysis to determine whether watermark templates 156 and/or watermark template elements have been included within such portions of the resources 154. In some embodiments, metadata of the resource 154 may be stored in a separate file that is distinct from the resource 154, such as a properties file associated with the resource 154. Consequently, both a resource 154 and an associated file containing metadata describing the resource 154 may require analysis to determine whether a watermark template 156 is applied to the resource 154.

In certain embodiments, the determination of whether a watermark template 156 is applied to a resource 154 may be made by analyzing the resources 154 to identify a known watermark template 156. In some embodiments, a watermark template store 220 of a watermark template server 220 communicatively coupled to the user device 100 may be queried to determine whether any watermark templates 156 stored therein are applied to the resources 154. Similarly, the data store 150 of the user device 100 may be queried to determine whether any watermark templates 156 stored therein are applied to the resources 154.

In certain embodiments, the determination of whether a watermark template 156 is applied to a resource 154 may further include a determination of whether a watermark template 156 that is applied to a resource 154 is the appropriate and/or authorized watermark template 156 for such resource 154. In some embodiments, one or more servers communicatively coupled to the user device 100 may be queried to determine whether the watermark template 156 applied to the resource 154 is the watermark template 156 that is appropriate and/or authorized to be applied to the resource 154. For instance, the resource store 212 of the resource server 210, the proxy store 217 of the proxy server 217, the watermark template store of the watermark template server 220, and/or the compliance rule store 232 of the compliance server 232 may be queried to determine which they contain indications of which watermark templates 156 are authorized to be applied to which resources 156. More particularly, compliance rules 158 may specify that certain watermark templates 156 must be applied to certain resources 154, which may provide a basis for determining whether the watermark template 156 determined to be applied to the identified resource 154 is the appropriate and/or authorized watermark template 156 for such resource 154.

Additionally, in some embodiments, an administrator, owner and/or manager of the resource 154 and/or the watermark template 156 applied to the resource 154 may be contacted to determine whether the application of the watermark template 156 to the resource 154 is appropriate and/or authorized. For instance, a notification that the watermark template 156 is applied to the resource 154 may be transmitted to such administrating, owning and/or managing party. In some embodiments, a summary and/or count of keywords contained within the resource 154 and/or a hash of the resource 154 may be utilized as a basis for the notification, which may assist the administrating, owning and/or managing party in determining whether the watermark template 156 applied to the resource 154 is an appropriate and/or authorized watermark template 156 for such resource 154. In some embodiments, such notifications to the administrating, owning and/or managing party of the of the resource 154 and/or the watermark template 156 applied to the resource 154 may trigger and/or cause an transmission of an indication of whether the watermark template 156 applied to the resource 154 is appropriate and/or authorized.

In certain embodiments, method 300 may include an additional stage where an appropriate watermark template 156 is identified and applied to the at least one resource 154 upon a determination at stage 315 that a watermark template 156 is not applied to the at least one resource 154. In some embodiments, identifying an appropriate and/or authorized watermark template 156 may include identifying an association established between a certain watermark template 156 and the resource 154. For instance, the data store 150 of the user device 100 and/or the watermark template store 222 of the watermark template server 220 may contain a listing of associations between resources 154 and appropriate watermark templates 156. In some embodiments, a summary and/or count of keywords contained within the resource 154 and/or a hash of the resource 154 may be utilized as a basis for determining whether an association is established between the resource 154 and an appropriate watermark template 156.

In certain embodiments, once an appropriate watermark template 156 is identified, the appropriate watermark template 156 may be applied to the resource 154. In some embodiments, a watermark template 156 may be applied to the resource 154 overlaying the watermark template 156 onto the resource 154. In some embodiments, a watermark template 156 may be applied to a resource 154 by adding the watermark template 156 to the resource 154 in at least one position within the resources 154. In certain embodiments, a watermark template 156 may be added to a resource 154 in at least one of the a header of the resource 154, a footer of the resource 154, a structural metadata element of the resource 154, a descriptive metadata element of the resource 154, and a wrapper encapsulating the resource 154. In some embodiments, watermark templates 156 may be positioned within a resource 154 over the lifespan of the resource 154 according to a pre-defined placement algorithm and/or sequence, such that multiple watermark templates 156 may be applied to the resource 154 without overwriting previously applied watermark templates 156.

From stage 315, method 300 may advance to stage 320 where at least one compliance rule 158 is identified. In certain embodiments, at least one compliance rule may be identified in response to a determination that a watermark template 156 is applied to at least one resource 154 accessible to a user device 100. In some embodiments, an association may be established between a compliance rule 158 and one or more of a user device 100, a resource 154, and/or a watermark template 156. Accordingly, in such a scenario, a compliance rule 158 may be identified based at least in part on the established association between the compliance rule 158 and the user device 100, the resource 154 identified in step 310 of method 300, and/or the watermark template 156 determined to be applied to the resource 154 in step 315 of method 300. In some embodiments, a compliance rule 158 may be universal such that it is identified notwithstanding the user device 100, the resource 154 identified in step 310 of method 300, and/or the watermark template 156 determined to be applied to the resource 154 in step 315 of method 300.

In any case, as described herein, an identified compliance rule 158 may define certain criteria that must be satisfied. In some embodiments, an identified compliance rule 158 may require that a user device 100 be associated with a certain enterprise. A user device 100 may be associated with a certain enterprise, for instance, if a user of the user device 100 is employed by the certain enterprise, if the user device 100 is owned by the certain enterprise, and/or if the user device 100 is managed by the certain enterprise. More specifically, the user device 100 may be managed by a certain enterprise via an enterprise mobility management service to which the user device 100 is enrolled, which may executed by a server communicatively coupled to the user device 100 that is owned and/or operated by the certain enterprise.

Further, in some embodiments, an identified compliance rule 158 may require that a watermark template 156 applied to a resource 154 specify an association between the resource 154 and an enterprise. As an example, a watermark template 156 may specify an association between a resource 154 and an enterprise by including statements and/or indications, either visible or non-visible in nature, that a relationship exists between the resource 154 and the enterprise. More specifically, statements indicating a relationship between a resource 154 and an enterprise may include statements that a user of the user device 100 is employed by the enterprise, that the user device 100 is owned by the enterprise, and/or that the user device 100 is managed by the enterprise. Additionally, statements indicating a relationship between a resource 154 and an enterprise may include statements that the resource 154 was created, modified, stored, and/or transmitted by a user device 100 associated with an enterprise.

Moreover, in some embodiments, an identified compliance rule 158 may require that a watermark template 156 applied to a resource 154 specify a sensitivity level associated with the resource 154. As an example, a watermark template 156 may specify a sensitivity level associated with a resource 154 by including statements and/or indications that the resource 154 is confidential, is subject to attorney-client privilege, is managed by a certain enterprise via an enterprise mobility management service, is time-sensitive, is location-sensitive, and/or is subject to other characteristics that limit whom is authorized to access the resource 154. In any case, one or more compliance rules 158 may be identified that require that certain criteria are satisfied.

From stage 320, method 300 may advance to stage 325 where a determination is made of whether the at least one compliance rule 158 is satisfied. In certain embodiments, a determination of whether a compliance rule 158 is satisfied is made based at least in part on whether the device profile 152 of the user device 100 indicates that the compliance rule 158 is satisfied. For instance, the device profile 152 of the user device 100 may provide describe a current state of the user device 100, including characteristics describing a user of the user device 100, which may form a basis for determining whether a compliance rule 158 is satisfied. Additionally, the device profile 152 may include one or more event logs and/or management records that provide a historical record of the user device 100, including indications of when the user device 100 was enrolled into an enterprise mobility management service, what functions have been performed by the user device 100, what resources 154 are accessible to the user device 100 and what actions have been taken on resources 154 accessible to the user device 100, and/or other historical data describing usage of the user device 100. In some embodiments, the device profile 152 of the user device 100 may provide an indication of whether the user device 100 is associated with a certain enterprise, such as by indicating whether a user of the user device 100 is employed by the certain enterprise, whether the user device 100 is owned by the certain enterprise, and/or whether the user device 100 is managed by the certain enterprise such as via en enterprise mobility management service.

In certain embodiments, the user device 100 may determine whether a compliance rule 158 is satisfied based at least in part on the device profile 152. In some embodiments, the user device 100 may store the device profile 152 in the data store 150 of the user device 100, which may be retrieved for purposes of determining whether a compliance rule 158 is satisfied. Additionally, in certain embodiments, a server communicatively coupled to the user device 100, such as the resource server 210, the proxy server 217, the watermark template server 220, and/or the compliance server 232, may determine whether a compliance rule 158 is satisfied based at least in part on the device profile 152 of the user device 100. In some embodiments, a server communicatively coupled to the user device 100 may store the device profile 142 in its respective data store, which may be retrieved for purposes of determining whether a compliance rule 158 is satisfied. Alternatively, in embodiments where the user device 100 may store the device profile 152 in the data store 150 of the user device 100, the device profile 152 may be transmitted to a server communicatively coupled to the user device 100 for purposes of determining whether a compliance rule 158 is satisfied.

From stage 325, method 300 may advance to stage 330 where at least one remedial action may be performed. In certain embodiments, at least one remedial action may be performed in response to a determination that the at least one compliance rule is not satisfied. In some embodiments, a remedial action may be performed in response to a determination that any compliance rules are not satisfied. Additionally, in some embodiments, a remedial action may be performed in response to a determination that a threshold amount of compliance rules are not satisfied.

In certain embodiments, a remedial action may include preventing access to the at least one resource 154. More specifically, access may be prevented to the resources 154 identified that were determined to have watermark templates 156 applied to the resources 154. In some embodiments, preventing access to a resource 154 may include deleting the resource 154. For instance, the resource 154 may be deleted from a memory where the resource 154 is stored, such as within the data store of 150 the user device 100 and/or within the data store of a server communicatively coupled to the user device 100, such as resource server 210, the proxy server 217, the watermark template server 220, and/or the compliance server 232. In embodiments where the resource 154 is stored within the data store 150 of the user device 100, the operating system 115 of the user device 100 may be instructed to delete the resource 154 from the data store 154. This may be effectuated, for example, by transmitting a command to the operating system 115 configured to prompt the operating system 115 to delete the resource 154 from the data store 150 of the user device 100, such as via an API. Similarly, in embodiments where the resource 154 is stored within a data store 150 of a server communicatively coupled to the user device 100, a service running on the server may be instructed to delete the resource 154 from the data store 154.

In certain embodiments, preventing access to a resource 154 may include quarantining the resource 154. In some embodiments, quarantining a resource 154 may include moving the resource 154 from an accessible location on a memory to an inaccessible location on a memory. For instance, a copy of a resource 154 may be made and stored in an inaccessible location on a memory and the original resource 154 may be deleted from an accessible location on a memory. As an example, an inaccessible location on a memory may include a location that is encrypted. As another example, an inaccessible location on a memory may include a location that is password protected. As yet another example, an inaccessible location on a memory may include a containerized location, such as a containerized location that prohibits certain functions and/or applications from access resources 154 stored within the containerized location.

In some embodiments, quarantining a resource 154 may include moving the resource 154 from one memory to another memory. As an example, a copy of a resource 154 stored on the data store 150 of the user device 100 may be made, the copy of the resource 154 may be transmitted to a server communicatively coupled to the user device 100 for storage within a respective data store of the server communicatively coupled to the user device 100, and the original resource 154 may be deleted from the data store 150 of the user device 100. Similarly, a copy of a resource 154 stored on a data store of a server communicatively coupled to the user device 100 may be made, the copy of the resource 154 may be transmitted to the user device 100 for storage within the data store 150 of the user device 100, and the original resource 154 may be deleted from the data store of the server communicatively coupled to the user device 100.

Furthermore, in some embodiments, quarantining a resource 154 may include instructing an operating system 115 of a user device 100 and/or service executed by a server where the resource 154 is stored to deny access to the resource 154. In embodiments where the resource 154 is stored on a data store 150 of the user device 100, this may be effectuated by transmitting a command to the operating system 115 of the user device 100 configured to prompt the operating system 115 of the user device 100 to deny access to the resource 154, such as via an API. Similarly, in embodiments where the resource 154 is stored within a data store 150 of a server communicatively coupled to the user device 100, a service running on the server may be instructed to deny access to the resource 154.

In certain embodiments, a resource 154 that is quarantined may be released from quarantine upon the occurrence of a certain event. In some embodiments, a resource 154 may be released from quarantine upon authorization from a party associated with the resource 154, the watermark template 156 applied to the resource 154 and/or the compliance rule 158. As an example, an owner and/or manager of the resource 154, the watermark template 156 applied to the resource 154 and/or the compliance rule 158 may be notified that the resource 154 has been quarantined due to one or more compliance rules 158 not being satisfied. Such notification may prompt the owner and/or manager to respond with an authorization to release the resource 154 from quarantine. As an example, the owner and/or manager may provide a private key that may release the resource 154 from quarantine by enabling decryption of the resource 154, which may have been encrypted using public key paired to the private key held by the owner and/or manager. In some embodiments, a resource 154 may be released from quarantine upon a threshold being exceeded. For instance, a resource 154 may be released from quarantine once the resource 154 has been quarantined for a configured duration of time. As another example, a resource 154 may be released from quarantine once the compliance rule 158 that was previously determined not to be satisfied becomes satisfied.

Additionally, in certain embodiments, preventing access to a resource 154 may include deleting at least a portion of a memory accessible to the user device 100. In some embodiments, a portion of a memory of the user device 100, such as a portion of the data store 150, may be deleted. In some embodiments, a portion of a memory of a server communicatively coupled to the user device 100 may be deleted, such as the resource store 212 of the resource server 210, the proxy store 217 of the proxy server 217, the watermark template store of the watermark template server 220, and/or the compliance rule store 232 of the compliance server 232. In any case, the portion of the memory accessible to the user device 100 that is deleted may include a location wherein the resource 154 is stored. In some embodiments, the entire memory accessible to the user device 100 may be deleted and/or restored to its factory state.

In certain embodiments, a remedial action may include transmitting at least one notification regarding the at least one resource 154. In some embodiments, a notification may be transmitted to one or more of the user device 100, a server communicatively coupled to the user device 100, and/or an owner and/or manager of the resource 154, the watermark template 156 applied to the resource 154 and/or the compliance rule 158. In some embodiments, the notification may specify, for instance, that the resource 154 is accessible to the user device 100, that the watermark template 156 is applied to the resource 154, that the compliance rule 158 is not satisfied, and/or that certain remedial actions have been performed. In any case, the notification may be and/or include an email message, a text message, a multimedia message, and/or another electronic message regarding the at least one resource 154.

Method 300 may then end at stage 335.

An embodiment consistent with the disclosure may comprise a method for providing watermarking detection and management. The method may comprise identifying at least one resource accessible to a user device and determining whether a watermark template is applied to the at least one resource accessible to the user device. Responsive to a determination that the watermark template is applied to the at least one resource accessible to the user device, the method may further comprise identifying at least one compliance rule and determining whether the at least one compliance rule is satisfied. Responsive to a determination that the at least one compliance rule is not satisfied, the method may yet further comprise performing at least one remedial action.

Another embodiment consistent with the disclosure may comprise an apparatus for providing watermarking detection and management. The apparatus may comprise at least one processor and at least one memory having program code instructions embodied therein, the at least one memory and program code instructions being configured to, with the at least one processor, direct the apparatus to at least identify at least one resource accessible to a user device and determine whether a watermark template is applied to the at least one resource accessible to the user device. Responsive to a determination that the watermark template is applied to the at least one resource accessible to the user device, the apparatus may be further directed to at least identify at least one compliance rule and determine whether the at least one compliance rule is satisfied. Responsive to a determination that the at least one compliance rule is not satisfied, the apparatus may yet be further directed to at least perform at least one remedial action.

Yet another embodiment consistent with the disclosure may comprise a computer program product for providing watermarking detection and management. The computer program product comprising a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having program code portions embodied therein, the program code portions being configured to, upon execution, direct an apparatus to at least identify at least one resource accessible to a user device and determine whether a watermark template is applied to the at least one resource accessible to the user device. Responsive to a determination that the watermark template is applied to the at least one resource accessible to the user device, the apparatus may be further directed to at least identify at least one compliance rule and determine whether the at least one compliance rule is satisfied. Responsive to a determination that the at least one compliance rule is not satisfied, the apparatus may yet be further directed to at least perform at least one remedial action.

The embodiments and functionalities described herein may operate via a multitude of computing systems, including wired and wireless computing systems, mobile computing systems (e.g., mobile telephones, tablet or slate type computers, laptop computers, etc.). In addition, the embodiments and functionalities described herein may operate over distributed systems, where application functionality, memory, data storage and retrieval and various processing functions may be operated remotely from each other over a distributed computing network, such as the Internet or an intranet. User interfaces and information of various types may be displayed via on-board computing device displays or via remote display units associated with one or more computing devices. For example user interfaces and information of various types may be displayed and interacted with on a wall surface onto which user interfaces and information of various types are projected. Interaction with the multitude of computing systems with which embodiments of this disclosure may be practiced include, keystroke entry, touch screen entry, voice or other audio entry, gesture entry where an associated computing device is equipped with detection (e.g., camera) functionality for capturing and interpreting user gestures for controlling the functionality of the computing device, and the like. The Figures above and their associated descriptions provide a discussion of a variety of operating environments in which embodiments of this disclosure may be practiced. However, the devices and systems illustrated and discussed with respect to the Figures are for purposes of example and illustration and are not limiting of a vast number of computing device configurations that may be utilized for practicing embodiments of this disclosure as described herein.

The term computer readable media as used herein may include computer storage media. Computer storage media may include volatile and nonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any method or technology for storage of information, such as computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, or other data. System memory, removable storage, and non-removable storage are all computer storage media examples (i.e., memory storage.) Computer storage media may include, but is not limited to, RAM, ROM, electrically erasable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disks (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium which can be used to store.

The term computer readable media as used herein may also include communication media. Communication media may be embodied by computer readable instructions, data structures, program modules, non-transitory media, and/or other data in a modulated data signal, such as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism, and includes any information delivery media. The term “modulated data signal” may describe a signal that has one or more characteristics set or changed in such a manner as to encode information in the signal. By way of example, and not limitation, communication media may include wired media such as a wired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless media such as acoustic, radio frequency (RF), infrared, and other wireless media.

A number of applications and data files may be used to perform processes and/or methods as described above. The aforementioned processes are examples, and a processing unit may perform other processes. Other programming modules that may be used in accordance with embodiments of this disclosure may include electronic mail, calendar, and contacts applications, data processing applications, word processing applications, spreadsheet applications, database applications, slide presentation applications, drawing or computer-aided application programs, etc.

Generally, consistent with embodiments of this disclosure, program modules may include routines, programs, components, data structures, and other types of structures that may perform particular tasks or that may implement particular abstract data types. Moreover, embodiments of the disclosure may be practiced with other computer system configurations, including hand-held devices, multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based or programmable consumer electronics, minicomputers, mainframe computers, and the like. Embodiments of this disclosure may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote memory storage devices.

Furthermore, embodiments of this disclosure may be practiced in an electrical circuit comprising discrete electronic elements, packaged or integrated electronic chips containing logic gates, a circuit utilizing a microprocessor, or on a single chip containing electronic elements or microprocessors. Embodiments of this disclosure may also be practiced using other technologies capable of performing logical operations such as, for example, AND, OR, and NOT, including but not limited to mechanical, optical, fluidic, and quantum technologies. In addition, embodiments of the disclosure may be practiced within a general purpose computer or in any other circuits or systems.

Embodiments of this disclosure may, for example, be implemented as a computer process and/or method, a computing system, an apparatus, device, or appliance, and/or as an article of manufacture, such as a computer program product or computer readable media. The computer program product may be a computer storage media readable by a computer system and encoding a computer program of instructions for executing a computer process. The computer program product may also be a propagated signal on a carrier readable by a computing system and encoding a computer program of instructions for executing a computer process. Accordingly, the present disclosure may be embodied in hardware and/or in software (including firmware, resident software, micro-code, etc.). In other words, embodiments of the present disclosure may take the form of a computer program product on a computer-usable or computer-readable storage medium having computer-usable or computer-readable program code embodied in the medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system. A computer-usable or computer-readable medium may be any medium that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device.

The computer-usable or computer-readable medium may be, for example but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, device, or propagation medium. More specific computer-readable medium examples (a non-exhaustive list), the computer-readable medium may include the following: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), an optical fiber, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM). Note that the computer-usable or computer-readable medium could even be paper or another suitable medium upon which the program is printed, as the program can be electronically captured, via, for instance, optical scanning of the paper or other medium, then compiled, interpreted, or otherwise processed in a suitable manner, if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.

Embodiments of this disclosure may be practiced via a system-on-a-chip (SOC) where each and/or many of the elements described above may be integrated onto a single integrated circuit. Such an SOC device may include one or more processing units, graphics units, communications units, system virtualization units and various application functionalities, all of which may be integrated (or “burned”) onto the chip substrate as a single integrated circuit. When operating via an SOC, the functionality, described herein, with respect to training and/or interacting with any element may operate via application-specific logic integrated with other components of the computing device/system on the single integrated circuit (chip).

Embodiments of this disclosure are described above with reference to block diagrams and/or operational illustrations of methods, systems, and computer program products according to embodiments of the disclosure. The functions/acts noted in the blocks may occur out of the order as shown in any flowchart. For example, two blocks shown in succession may in fact be executed substantially concurrently or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality/acts involved.

While certain embodiments have been described, other embodiments may exist. Furthermore, although embodiments of the present disclosure have been described as being associated with data stored in memory and other storage mediums, data can also be stored on or read from other types of computer-readable media, such as secondary storage devices, like hard disks, floppy disks, or a CD-ROM, a carrier wave from the Internet, or other forms of RAM or ROM. Further, the disclosed methods' stages may be modified in any manner, including by reordering stages and/or inserting or deleting stages, without departing from the disclosure.

Embodiments of the present disclosure, for example, are described above with reference to block diagrams and/or operational illustrations of methods, systems, and computer program products according to embodiments of the disclosure. The functions/acts noted in the blocks may occur out of the order as shown in any flowchart. For example, two blocks shown in succession may in fact be executed substantially concurrently or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality/acts involved.

While certain embodiments of the disclosure have been described, other embodiments may exist. Furthermore, although embodiments of the present disclosure have been described as being associated with data stored in memory and other storage mediums, data can also be stored on or read from other types of computer-readable media, such as secondary storage devices, like hard disks, floppy disks, or a CD-ROM, a carrier wave from the Internet, or other forms of RAM or ROM. Further, the disclosed methods' stages may be modified in any manner, including by reordering stages and/or inserting or deleting stages, without departing from the disclosure.

All rights including copyrights in the code included herein are vested in and the property of the Assignee. The Assignee retains and reserves all rights in the code included herein, and grants permission to reproduce the material only in connection with reproduction of the granted patent and for no other purpose.

While the specification includes examples, the disclosure's scope is indicated by the following claims. Furthermore, while the specification has been described in language specific to structural features and/or methodological acts, the claims are not limited to the features or acts described above. Rather, the specific features and acts described above are disclosed as example for embodiments of the disclosure. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A method comprising: identifying at least one resource accessible to a user device; determining whether a watermark template is applied to the at least one resource accessible to the user device; responsive to a determination that the watermark template is applied to the at least one resource accessible to the user device: identifying at least one compliance rule; determining whether the at least one compliance rule is satisfied; and, responsive to a determination that the at least one compliance rule is not satisfied, performing at least one remedial action.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein identifying the at least one resource comprises identifying the at least one resource stored on a memory of the user device.
 3. The method of claim 1, wherein identifying the at least one resource comprises identifying the at least one resource stored on a memory of a server communicatively coupled to the user device.
 4. The method of claim 3, wherein the server communicatively coupled to the user device comprises a proxy server.
 5. The method of claim 3, wherein the server communicatively coupled to the user device comprises a file server.
 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one compliance rule requires that the user device be associated with a certain enterprise.
 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the user device is associated with the certain enterprise if a user of the user device is employed by the certain enterprise.
 8. The method of claim 6, wherein the user device is associated with the certain enterprise if the user device is owned by the certain enterprise.
 9. The method of claim 6, wherein the user device is associated with the certain enterprise if the user device is managed by the certain enterprise.
 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the user device is managed by the certain enterprise via an enterprise mobility management service.
 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one compliance rule requires that the watermark template specifies an association between the at least one resource and an enterprise.
 12. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one compliance rule requires that the watermark template specifies a sensitivity level associated with the at least one resource.
 13. An apparatus comprising: at least one processor; and, at least one memory having program code instructions embodied therein, the at least one memory and program code instructions being configured to, with the at least one processor, direct the apparatus to at least: identify at least one resource accessible to a user device; determine whether a watermark template is applied to the at least one resource accessible to the user device; responsive to a determination that the watermark template is applied to the at least one resource accessible to the user device: identify at least one compliance rule; determine whether the at least one compliance rule is satisfied; and, responsive to a determination that the at least one compliance rule is not satisfied, perform at least one remedial action.
 14. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the at least one remedial action comprises preventing access to the at least one resource.
 15. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein preventing access to the at least one resource comprises deleting the at least one resource.
 16. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein preventing access to the at least one resource comprises quarantining the at least one resource.
 17. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein preventing access to the at least one resource comprises deleting at least a portion of a memory accessible to the user device.
 18. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the at least one remedial action comprises transmitting at least one notification regarding the at least one resource.
 19. A computer program product comprising a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having program code portions embodied therein, the program code portions being configured to, upon execution, direct an apparatus to at least: identify at least one resource accessible to a user device; determine whether a watermark template is applied to the at least one resource accessible to the user device; responsive to a determination that the watermark template is applied to the at least one resource accessible to the user device: identify at least one compliance rule; determine whether the at least one compliance rule is satisfied; and, responsive to a determination that the at least one compliance rule is not satisfied, perform at least one remedial action.
 20. The computer program product of claim 19, wherein the apparatus is further directed to at least: responsive to a determination that the watermark template is not applied to the at least one resource accessible to the user device: identify an appropriate watermark template; and, apply the appropriate watermark template to the at least one resource. 